No. 14-915
Title:
Rebecca Friedrichs, et al., Petitioners
v.
California Teachers Association, et al.
Docketed:January 29, 2015
Linked with 15A422
Lower Ct:United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
  Case Nos.:(13-57095)
  Decision Date:November 18, 2014
Questions Presented

~~~Date~~~ ~~~~~~~Proceedings  and  Orders~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Jan 26 2015 Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due March 2, 2015)
Feb 19 2015 Order extending time to file response to petition to and including April 1, 2015, for all respondents.
Feb 24 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation filed.
Feb 27 2015 Brief amicus curiae of National Right to Work Legal Defense Fund filed.
Feb 27 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Mackinac Center for Public Policy filed.
Feb 27 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Goldwater Institute filed.
Feb 27 2015 Brief amici curiae of Consitutional Law Professors, et al. filed.
Feb 27 2015 Waiver of right of respondent Elliott Duchon to respond filed.
Mar 2 2015 Brief amici curiae of Former California Governor Pete Wilson, et al. filed.
Mar 2 2015 Brief amici curiae of Kaneland, Illinois Unified School District #302 Administrative Support Staff filed.
Mar 2 2015 Brief amicus curiae of The Cato Institute filed.
Mar 2 2015 Brief amici curiae of Michigan and Eight Other States filed.
Mar 30 2015 Waiver of right of respondent Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General of California to respond filed.
Apr 1 2015 Brief of respondents California Teachers Association, et al. in opposition filed.
Apr 14 2015 Reply of petitioners Rebecca Friedrichs, et al. filed.
Apr 15 2015 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of May 1, 2015.
Apr 27 2015 Response Requested . (Due May 27, 2015)
May 27 2015 Brief of respondent Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General of California in opposition filed.
May 27 2015 Brief of respondent Elliott Duchon, Superintendent, Jurupa Unified School District in opposition filed.
May 28 2015 Letter dated May 28, 2015, from counsel for petitioners received waiving 14-day waiting period pursuant to Rule 15.5.
Jun 1 2015 Reply of petitioners to brief in opposition of the Attorney General of California. filed. (Distributed)
Jun 2 2015 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of June 18, 2015.
Jun 16 2015 Rescheduled.
Jun 22 2015 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of June 25, 2015.
Jun 25 2015 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of June 29, 2015.
Jun 30 2015 Petition GRANTED.
Jul 7 2015 The time to file the joint appendix and petitioners' brief on the merits is extended to and including September 4, 2015.
Jul 7 2015 The time to file respondents' briefs on the merits is extended to and including October 26, 2015.
Jul 21 2015 Consent to the filing of amicus curiae briefs, in support of either party or of neither party, received from counsel for the petitioner.
Jul 24 2015 Consent to the filing of amicus curiae briefs, in support of either party or of neither party, received from counsel for respondents California Teachers Association, et al.
Jul 27 2015 Consent to the filing of amicus curiae briefs, in support of either party or of neither party, received from counsel for the respondent Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General of California.
Sep 4 2015 Joint appendix (2 volumes) filed. (Statement of costs filed)
Sep 4 2015 Brief of petitioners Rebecca Friedrichs, et al. filed.
Sep 9 2015 Consent to the filing of amicus curiae briefs in support of either party or of neither party received from counsel for Elliott Duchon, Superintendent, Jurupa Unified School District.
Sep 10 2015 Brief amicus curiae of The Cato Institute filed.
Sep 10 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Susana Martinez, Governor of New Mexico filed.
Sep 10 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Mackinac Center for Public Policy filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Buckeye Institute for Public Policy Solutions filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Rutherford Institute filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Becket Fund for Religious Liberty filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc. filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amici curiae of Center on National Labor Policy, Inc., et al. filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amici curiae of Bruce Rauner, Governor of Illinois, et al. filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amici curiae of Freedom Foundation and Dr. John Balz filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amici curiae of State Public Policy Research Organizations filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Constitutional Law Professors, et al. filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amici curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, et al. filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amici curiae of Former California Governor Pete Wilson, et al. filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amici curiae of Illinois State Workers filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Daniel DiSalvo filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Public School Teachers Who Favor School Choice filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amici curiae of Michigan and Seventeen Other States filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Goldwater Institute filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amici curiae of Former California Senate Majority Leader Gloria Romero, et al. filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Mountain States Legal Foundation filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Atlantic Legal Foundation filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice, Inc. filed.
Sep 11 2015 Brief amici curiae of Glenn J. Schworak and James E. Mitchell filed.
Sep 25 2015 Letter of Carolyn E. Shapiro, Solicitor General of Illinois received. (Distributed)
Oct 1 2015 Letter of Jason Barclay, General Counsel to the Governor received. (Distributed)
Oct 9 2015 Letter of Carolyn E. Shapiro, Solicitor General of Illinois received. (Distributed)
Oct 19 2015 Application (15A422) for an extension of time within which to file petitioners' reply brief on the merits, submitted to Justice Kennedy.
Oct 21 2015 The time to file respondents' briefs on the merits is further extended to and including November 6, 2015.
Oct 21 2015 Application (15A422) for an extension of time within which to file petitioners' reply brief on the merits is GRANTED by Justice Kennedy, and the time is extended to and including December 14, 2015.
Nov 6 2015 Brief of respondents Union Respondents filed.
Nov 6 2015 Brief of respondent Attorney General of California filed.
Nov 6 2015 Brief amici curiae of Corporate Law Professors filed.
Nov 12 2015 Brief amicus curiae of California School Employees Association filed. (Distributed)
Nov 12 2015 Brief amici curiae of Peace Officers Research Association of California, et al. filed.
Nov 12 2015 Brief amici curiae of 21 Past Presidents of the D.C. Bar filed.
Nov 12 2015 Brief amici curiae of Public School Teachers Brittany Alexander, et al.
Nov 12 2015 Brief amicus curiae of National Fraternal Order of Police filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amicus curiae of United States filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amicus curiae of New York City Municipal Labor Committee filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amicus curiae of International Association of Fire Fighters filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of School Districts filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of Social Scientists filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of Republican Current and Former Members of State Legislatures and Congress filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of Constitutional Law Scholars filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of National Women's Law Center, et al. filed.
Nov 13 2015 Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae, for enlargement of time for oral argument, and for divided argument filed.
Nov 13 2015 Motion for divided argument filed by respondent Attorney General of California.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of States of New York, et al. filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of Professors Cynthia L. Estlund, et al. filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of Cities, Counties and Elected Officials filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amicus curiae of Steve Bullock, Governor of Montana filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of Labor Law & Labor Relations Professors filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizatons, et al. filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of American Federation of Teachers and American Association of University Professors filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of National Council on Teacher Retirement, et al. filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amici curiae of Los Angeles County's Department of Health Services, et al. filed.
Nov 13 2015 Brief amicus curiae of The City of New York filed.
Nov 24 2015 SET FOR ARGUMENT on Monday, January 11, 2016
Nov 30 2015 Motion for divided argument filed by respondent GRANTED.
Nov 30 2015 Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae and for divided argument GRANTED, and the time is divided as follows: 40 minutes for petitioners, 15 minutes for the Union Respondents, 15 minutes for respondent Attorney General of California, and 10 minutes for the Solicitor General.
Dec 4 2015 Record requested from U.S.C.A. 9th Circuit.
Dec 11 2015 CIRCULATED.
Dec 14 2015 Reply of petitioners Rebecca Friedrichs, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Jan 11 2016 Argued. For petitioners: Michael A. Carvin, Washington, D. C. For respondent Attorney General of California: Edward C. DuMont, Solicitor General of California, San Francisco, Cal. For Union Respondents: David C. Frederick, Washington, D. C. For United States as amicus curiae supporting respondents: Donald B. Verrilli, Jr., Solicitor General, Department of Justice, Washington, D. C.
Mar 29 2016 Adjudged to be AFFIRMED. Opinion per curiam. The judgment is affirmed by an equally divided Court.
Apr 8 2016 Petition for Rehearing filed.
Apr 13 2016 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of April 29, 2016.
Apr 28 2016 Rescheduled.
May 9 2016 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of May 12, 2016.
May 10 2016 Rescheduled.
May 16 2016 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of May 19, 2016.
May 17 2016 Rescheduled.
May 23 2016 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of May 26, 2016.
May 25 2016 Rescheduled.
May 31 2016 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of June 2, 2016.
Jun 1 2016 Rescheduled.
Jun 6 2016 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of June 9, 2016.
Jun 8 2016 Rescheduled.
Jun 13 2016 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of June 16, 2016.
Jun 16 2016 Rescheduled.
Jun 20 2016 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of June 23, 2016.
Jun 21 2016 Rescheduled.
Jun 27 2016 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of June 27, 2016.
Jun 28 2016 Rehearing DENIED.
Jun 28 2016 JUDGMENT ISSUED


~~Name~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~    ~~~~~~~Address~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~   ~~Phone~~~
Attorneys for Petitioners:
Michael A. Carvin Jones Day(202) 879-3939
51 Louisiana Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC  20001
macarvin@jonesday.com
Party name: Rebecca Friedrichs, et al.
Attorneys for Respondents:
Edward C. DuMont Solicitor General(415) 703-2540
    Counsel of Record 455 Golden Gate Avenue
San Francisco, CA  94102
edward.dumont@doj.ca.gov
Party name: Attorney General of California
 
Peter Fagen Fagen Friedman & Fulfrost LLP(323) 330-6300
    Counsel of Record6300 Wilshire Blvd.
Suite 1700
Los Angeles, CA  90048
pfagen@f3law.com
Party name: Elliott Duchon, Superintendent, Jurupa Unified School District
 
David C. Frederick Kellogg, Huber, Hansen, Todd, Evans & Figel, P.L.L.C.(202) 326-7951
    Counsel of Record1615 M Street, N.W., Suite 400
Washington, DC  20036
dfrederick@khhte.com
Party name: Union Respondents
 
Jeremiah A. Collins Bredhoff & Kaiser, PLLC(202) 842-2600
805 Fifteenth Street, N.W., 10th Flr.
Washington, DC  20005
jcollins@bredhoff.com
Party name: California Teachers Association, et al.
 
Alexandra Robert Gordon Deputy Attorney General(415) 703-5509
Office of the Attorney General
455 Golden Gate Ave., Suite 11000
San Francisco, CA  94102-7004
Alexandra.RobertGordon@doj.ca.gov
Party name: Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General of California
 
Kerrie McNally 6300 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 1700(323) 330-6300
Los Angeles, CA  90048
Party name: Elliott Duchon
Other:
James G. Abernathy P.O. Box 552 360-956-3482
Olympia, WA  98507
jabernathy@myfreedomfoundation.com
Party name: Freedom Foundation and Dr. John Balz
 
David L. Applegate Williams Montgomery & John Ltd.(312) 443-3200
6100 Willis Tower
233 South Wacker Dr.
Chicago, IL  60606
dla@willmont.com
Party name: Bruce Rauner, Governor of Illinois, et al.
 
David L. Applegate Williams Montgomery & John Ltd.(312) 443-3200
6100 Willis Tower
233 South Wqcker Drive
Chicago, IL  60606
dla@willmont.com
Party name: Bruce Rauner, Governor of Illinois, et al.
 
Michael Ernest Avakian Center on National Labor Policy, Inc.(703) 321-9180
5211 Port Royal Road, Suite 610
North Springfield, VA  22151
mavakian@nationallaborpolicy.org
Party name: Center on National Labor Policy, Inc., et al.
 
Samuel R. Bagenstos 625 South State Street(734) 647-7584
Ann Arbor, MI  48109
sbagen@gmail.com
Party name: Cities, Counties and Elected Officials
 
Jason Barclay General Counsel
Office of General Counsel to the Governor
James Thompson Center
100 West Rndolph Street, Ste 16-100
Chicago, IL  3128142121
Party name: General Counsel to the Governor
 
Bradley A. Benbrook Benbrook Law Group, PC(916) 447-4900
400 Capitol Mall, Suite 1610
Sacramento, CA  95814
brad@benbrooklawgroup.com
Party name: Consitutional Law Professors, et al.
 
Dana Berliner Institute for Justice(703) 682-9320
901 N. Glebe Rd., Suite 900
Arlington, VA  22203
dberliner@ij.org
Party name: Public School Teachers Who Favor School Choice
 
Christina C. Bleuler California School Employees Association(408) 433-1312
2045 Lundy Avenue
San Jose, CA  95131
cbleuler@csea.com
Party name: California School Employees Association
 
Ronald A. Cass Cass & Associates, PC(703) 438-7590
10560 Fox Forest Drive
Great Falls, VA  22066-1743
roncass@cassassociates.net
Party name: National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center
 
James B. Coppess American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations(202) 637-5337
815 Sixteenth Street, NW
Washington, DC  20006
jcoppess@aflcio.org
Party name: American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizatons, et al.
 
Richard Dearing Chief of Appeals(212) 356-2500
The City of New York Law Department
100 Church Street
New York, NY  10007
rdearing@law.nyc.gov
Party name: The City of New York
 
Michael James Edney Steptoe & Johnson LLP(202) 429-3000
1330 Conencticut Avenue NW
Washington, DC  20036
medney@steptoe.com
Party name: Former California Senate Majority Leader Gloria Romero, et al.
 
David W. Elrod Gruber Hurst Elrod Johansen Hail Shank LLP(214) 855-6800
1445 Ross Ave., Suite 2500
Dallas, TX  75202
delrod@ghetrial.com
Party name: Interstate Natural Gas Association of America
 
Samuel Estreicher NYU Supreme Court Litigation Clinic(212) 998-6226
New York Univ. School of Law
40 Washington Square South
New York, NY  10012
samuel. estreicher@nyu.edu
Party name: Professors Cynthia L. Estlund, et al.
 
Charlotte Garden Seattle University School of Law(206)-398-4073
901 12th Avenue
Seattle, WA  98122
gardenc@seattleu.edu
Party name: Labor Law & Labor Relations Professors
 
Jill O. Gibson Gibson Law Firm(503) 686-0486
1500 S.W. Taylor Street
Portland, OR  97205
jill@gibsonlawfirm.org
Party name: Glenn J. Schworak and James E. Mitchell
 
Deepak Gupta Gupta Wessler PLLC(202) 888-1741
1735 20th Street, N.W.
Washington, DC  20009
deepak@guptawessler.com
Party name: Steve Bullock, Governor of Montana
 
Jeffrey M. Harris Bancroft PLLC(202) 234-0090
500 New Jersey Avenue, NW
Seventh Floor
Washington, DC  20001
jharris@bancroftpllc.com
Party name: State Public Policy Research Organizations
 
Matthew S. Hellman Jenner & Block LLP(202) 639-6000
1099 New York Ave., N.W
Suite 900
Washington, DC  20001
mhellman@jenner.com
Party name: National Women's Law Center, et al.
 
Dorothy Alicia Hickok Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP(215) 988-2700
One Logan Square, Suite 2000
Philadelphia, PA  19103
alicia.hickok@dbr.com
Party name: Rutherford Institute
 
Larry H. James Crabbe Brown & James LLP(614) 228-5511
500 South Front Street, Suite 1200
Columbus, OH  43215
ljames@cbjlawyer.com
Party name: National Fraternal Order of Police
 
Pamela S. Karlan Stanford Law School(650) 725-4851
Supreme Court Litigation Clinic
559 Nathan Abbott Way
Stanford, CA  94305-8610
karlan@stanford.edu
Party name: Peace Officers Research Association of California, et al.
 
Martin S. Kaufman Atlantic Legal Foundation(914) 834-3322
2039 Palmer Avenue #104
Larchmont, NY  10538
mskaufman@atlanticlegal.org
Party name: Atlantic Legal Foundation
 
Alan M. Klinger Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP(212) 850-5400
180 Maiden Lane
New York, NY  10038
aklinger@stroock.com
Party name: New York City Municipal Labor Committee
 
Deborah J. La Fetra Pacific Legal Foundation(916) 419-7111
930 G Street
Sacramento, CA  95814
dlafetra@pacificlegal.org
Party name: Pacific Legal Foundation, et al.
 
Raymond J. LaJeunesse Jr. National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc.(703) 321-8510
8001 Braddock Rd., Suite 600
Springfield, VA  22160
rjl@nrtw.org
Party name: National Right to Work Legal Defense Fund
 
Steven J. Lechner Mountain States Legal Foundation(303) 292-2021
2596 South Lewis Way
Lakewood, CO  80227
lechner@mountainstateslegal.com
Party name: Mountain States Legal Foundation
 
Bruce H. Lederman D'Agostino Levine Landesman & Lederman(212)-564-9800
345 Seventh Avenue, 23rd Floor
New York, NY  10001
blederman@dagll.com
Party name: Public School Teachers Brittany alexander, et al.
 
Aaron D. Lindstrom Solicitor General(517) 373-1124
Michigan Department of Attorney General
P.O. Box 30212
Lansing, MI  48909
LindstromA@michigan.gov
Party name: Michigan and Seventeen Other States
 
James M. Manley Goldwater Institute602-462-5000
500 E. Coronado Rd.
Phoenix, AZ  85004
jmanley@goldwaterinstitute.org
Party name: Goldwater Institute
 
Anna-Rose Mathieson California Appellate Law Group LLP(415) 649-6700
96 Jessie Street
San Francisco, CA  94105
annarose@calapplaw.com
Party name: Corporate Law Professors
 
Thomas R. McCarthy George Mason University School of Law 703-243-9423
3033 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 700
Arlington, VA  22201
tom@consovoymccarthy.com
Party name: Daniel DiSalvo
 
Kerrie McNally Fagen Friedman & Fulforost, LLP(323) 330-6300
6300 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 1700
Los Angeles, CA  90048
kmcnally@f3law.com
Party name: Don Carter, Former Superintendent for Kern High School District
 
William L. Messenger National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation(703) 321-8510
8001 Braddock Road, Suite 600
Springfield, VA  22160
wlm@nrtw.org
Party name: National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation, Inc.
 
John W. Nields Jr. Covington & Burling LLP(202) 662-6000
1201 Pennsylvania Ave., NW
Washington, DC  20004
jnields@cov.com
Party name: 21 Past Presidents of the D.C. Bar
 
Theodore B. Olson Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP(202) 955-8500
1050 Connecticut Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC  20036
tolson@gibsondunn.com
Party name: Former California Governor Pete Wilson, et al.
 
John J. Park Jr. Strickland Brockington Lewis LLP(678) 347-2208
1170 Peachtree Street NE, Suite 2200
Atlanta, GA  30309
jjp@sbllaw.net
Party name: Buckeye Institute for Public Policy Solutions
 
Andrew J. Pincus Mayer Brown LLP(202) 263-3127
1999 K Street, NW
Washington, DC  20006
apincus@mayerbrown.com
Party name: Constitutional Law Scholars
 
Claire Prestel James & Hoffman PC(202) 496-0500
1130 Connecticut Ave., NW
Suite 950
Washington, DC  20036
cpprestel@jamhoff.com
Party name: Los Angeles County's Department of Health Services, et al.
 
Eric C. Rassbach Becket Fund for Religious Liberty(202) 955-0095
1200 New Hampshire Ave., Ste. 700
Washington, DC  20036
erassbach@becketfund.org
Party name: Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
 
David B. Rivkin Jr. Baker & Hostetler LLP(202) 861-1731
1050 Connecticut Avenue, NW
Washington, DC  20036
drivkin@bakerlaw.com
Party name: The Cato Institute
 
Joel E. Rogers Wisconsin Law School (608) 262-4266
975 Bascom Mall
Madison, WI  53706
jrogers@ssc.wisc.edu
Party name: Social Scientists
 
Kevin K. Russell Goldstein & Russell, P.C.(202) 362-0636
7475 Wisconsin Ave, Suite 850
Bethesda, MD  20814
kr@goldsteinrussell.com
Party name: American Federation of Teachers and American Association of University Professors
 
David A. Schwarz Irell & Manella LLP(310) 277-1010
1800 Avenue of the Stars, Suite 900
Los Angeles, CA  90067
dschwarz@irell.com
Party name: Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice, Inc.
 
Carolyn E. Shapiro Solicitor General(312) 814-5376
100 West Randolph Street
12th Floor
Chicago, IL  60601
cshapiro@atg.state.il.us
Party name: Illinois Solicitor General
 
Adam C. Toosley Freeborn & Peters LLP(312)-346-7500
311 S. WAcker Drive, Suite 3000
Chicago, IL  60606
atoosley@freeborn.com
Party name: National Council on Teacher Retirement, et al.
 
Joseph J. Torres Winston & Strawn LLP(312) 558-7334
35 West Wacker Drive
Chicago, IL  60601
jtorres@winston.com
Party name: Illinois State Workers
 
Barbara D. Underwood Solicitor General(212) 416-8020
Office of the Attorney General
120 Broadway, 25th Floor
New York, NY  10271-0332
barbara.underwood@ag.ny.gov
Party name: States of New York, et al.
 
Donald B. Verrilli Jr. Solicitor General(202) 514-2217
United States Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC  20530-0001
SupremeCtBriefs@USDOJ.gov
Party name: United States
 
Jerry A. Walz Walz and Associates(505) 275-1800
133 Eubank Blvd. NE
Albuquerque, NM  87123
jerrywalz@walzandassociates.com
Party name: Susana Martinez, Governor of New Mexico
 
Seth P. Waxman Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP(202) 663-6000
1875 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC  20006
seth.waxman@wilmerhale.com
Party name: School Districts
 
Thomas A. Woodley Woodley & McGillivary LLP(202) 833-8855
1101 Vermont Ave., NW, Suite 1000
Washington, DC  20006
taw@wmlaborlaw.com
Party name: International Association of Fire Fighters
 
Patrick J. Wright Mackinac Center for Public Policy(989)-631-0900
140 West Main Street
Midland, MI  48640
wright@mackinac.org
Party name: Mackinac Center for Public Policy
 
Elizabeth B. Wydra Constitutional Accountability Center(202) 296-6889
1200 18th St., N.W., Suite 501
Washington, DC  20036
elizabeth@theusconstitution.org
Party name: Republican Current and Former Members of State Legislatures and Congress